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QUESTION 171
Which two of these steps are minimum requirements to configure OSPFv3 under IPv6? (Choose
two.)
A. Configure a routing process using the command ipv6 router ospf [process-id].
B. Add the network statement for the interfaces on which OSPF will run.
C. Configure OSPF on the interface that it will run on.
D. Use the passive-interface command on the interfaces on which OSPF should not run.
E. Enable routing.
Answer: CE
Explanation:
The first step to configure OSPFv3 under IPv6 is to enable IPv6 unicast routing:
R1(config)# ipv6 unicast-routing
Also we need to enable the OSPF process:
R1(config)# ipv6 router ospf 1
There are a few changes in configuring OSPFv3 vs OSPF for IPv4. Instead of using the “network” and “area” commands in ospf router configuration mode you now configure OSPFv3 on a per interface basis using the ipv6 ospf area command in interface configuration mode. For example:
R1(config)# interface fa0/0
R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
Note: The “network” command does not exist in OSPFv3.
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/ipv6/configuration/guide/ip6-ospf.html#wp1070061 Note: You will see under the section how to implement ospf for ipv6 it only has 1 REQUIRED thing configure interface and in the comments it says that OSPF IPV6 routing is disabled by default.
QUESTION 172
You add the following commands into a routed topology: router eigrp 1 variance 3 traffic-share min across-interfaces. Users now complain about voice quality in your VoIP system. What should be done?
A. Add the command: router eigrp 1 traffic-share voice interface fast 0/0.
B. Reconfigure EIGRP to recognize voice packets.
C. Remove the variance from the configuration.
D. Reconfigure the VoIP system to use RTP sequence number headers.
E. Use an H.323 gatekeeper for your VoIP system to negotiate an H.245 uneven packet buffer.
F. Reconfigure EIGRP to version 2.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Traffic-share min command causes EIGRP to divide traffic only among the routes with the best metric. When the traffic-share min command is used with the across-interfaces keyword, an attempt is made to use as many different interfaces as possible to forward traffic to the same destination. Therefore with the configuration above, EIGRP will only use equal-cost load-balancing feature even when the variance command is used. However, if you use both the traffic-share min command and variance command, even though traffic is sent over the minimum-cost path only, all feasible routes get installed into the routing table, which decreases the convergence times.
QUESTION 173
Refer to the exhibit. How would you get the 1.1.1.1 network into the OSPF database?
A. Configure RTA as an ASBR.
B. Redistribute connected routes on RTA into OSPF.
C. Set up a virtual link between area 1 and area 0.
D. Set up a virtual link between area 1 and area 2.
E. Add a static route into RTB and enter it into OSPF.
F. Place a network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.0 command into RTB.
G. Set up a unique router ID on RTA using an RFC 1918 address.
H. Change area 0 on RTB to area 1
Answer: C
Explanation:
Recall that in OSPF, area 0 is called backbone area and all other areas connect directly to it. In the exhibit above, area 1 is not directly connected with area 0 so we need to set up a virtual link between area 1 & area 0 so that the networks in area 1 can be recognized in area 0. The virtual-link configuration is shown below:
RTB(config)#router ospf 1
RTB(config-router)#area 2 virtual-link 1.1.1.1
RTA(config)#router ospf 1
RTA(config-router)#area 2 virtual-link 2.2.2.2
Notice that the router-id in the “area … virtual-link ” command is the router-id of the neighboring router.
QUESTION 174
Refer to the exhibit. Router E learned about the PIM RP (designated as 7.7.7.7) from four different sources. Routers A and D advertised the 7.0.0.0 network via EIGRP. Routers B and C advertised the 7.0.0.0 network via OSPF. Considering that all four Ethernet interfaces on
router E could potentially lead back to the PIM-RP, when router E receives the first multicast
packet down the shared tree, which incoming interface will be used to successfully pass the RPF
check?
A. E0
B. E1
C. E2
D. E3
E. None of these interfaces will be used to successfully pass the RPF check.
F. All of these interfaces would successfully pass the RPF check.
Answer: A
Explanation:
PIM will use the neighbor with the highest IP. E0 and E3 is taken in to account as EIGRP has lower AD the OSPF, if both E0 and E3 cost are the same next there is rule that “When faced with multiple equal cost paths to a source, IP multicast chooses the interface that has a Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) neighbor with the highest IP address as the incoming interface and then sends prunes to PIM neighbors on the other links.”
QUESTION 175
Refer to the exhibit. From the MAC addresses shown in the command output, to which two ports is the multicast stream 225.230.57.199 being forwarded on this switch? (Choose two.)
A. Fa6/28
B. Fa7/20
C. Gi3/7
D. Fa4/2
E. Fa4/14
F. Fa4/38
G. Fa6/28
H. Fa5/7
Answer: CE
Explanation:
IP 225.230.57.199 will become MAC 0100.5ee6.39c7, so the interfaces G3/7, F6/28 and F7/20 will receive the traffic.
Mac address 0100.5e66.39c7 is accessible via Gi3/4, Gi3/7, Fa4/10, Fa4/14, Fa7/31, and Fa7/40. So options C and E i.e., Gi3/7 & Fa4/14 are the correct answers. First thing is to convert the IP address to binary so: 225.230.57.199 in binary is 11100001 11100110 00111001
11000111. Then put the first 6 hex characters in front of the binary address and remove the first 4 bits (which are always 1110) this is the IEEE OUI for layer 2 multicast addressing 0100.5e | 0001 11100110 00111001
11000111. Then we “always” change the next 5 bits to a binary 0 (which leaves us with 24 bits for the conversion to hex) 0100.5e | 01100110 00111001 11000111 This leaves you with 24 bits to convert into hex from binary. Thus 01100110 00111001 11000111 = 66.39.c7 and the question asks which interfaces listed are forwarding this group… All of the following interfaces below are forwarding this:
Gi3/4, Gi3/7, Fa4/10, Fa4/14, Fa7/31, Fa7/40
But only 2 are listed in the multiple choice:
Gi3/7 & Fa4/14
QUESTION 176
Refer to the exhibit. Two ISPs have decided to use MSDP and configured routers X and Y (both
are PIM RPs) as MSDP peers. In the domain of ISP B, PC A has sent an IGMP membership report for the group 224.1.1.1 and PC B has sent an IGMP membership report for the group 224.5.5.5.
Assuming that the MSDP peering relationship between routers X and Y is functional, and given the partial configuration output shown from router X, which two of these statements are true? (Choose two.)
A. Router X will contain an entry for 224.1.1.1 in its SA cache and will also have an installed (S, G)
entry for this in its mroute table.
B. Router X will not contain an entry for 224.1.1.1 in its SA cache but will have an installed (*, G)
entry for this in its mroute table.
C. Router X will not contain an entry for 224.5.5.5 in its SA cache but will have an installed (S, G)
entry for this in its mroute table.
D. Router X will not contain an entry for 224.5.5.5 in its SA cache but will have an installed (*, G)
entry for this in its mroute table.
E. Router X will have no entries for 224.5.5.5 in neither its SA cache nor in its mroute table.
F. Router X will have no entries for 224.1.1.1 in neither its SA cache nor in its mroute table.
Answer: AD
Explanation:
Configuring an MSDP Peer
You enable MSDP by configuring an MSDP peer to the local router.
Note
The router you specify by Domain Naming System (DNS) name or IP address as an MSDP peer is probably a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) neighbor. If it is not, see the section “Configuring a Default MSDP Peer” later in this document.
To configure an MSDP peer, use the following commands in global configuration mode as needed.
The second command is optional.
Filtering SA Request Messages
By default, only routers that are caching SA information can respond to SA request messages. By default, such a router honors all SA request messages from its MSDP peers. That is, it will supply the IP addresses of the sources that are active.
However, you can configure the router to ignore all SA request messages from an MSDP peer. Or, you can honor only those SA request messages from a peer for groups described by a standard access list. If the access list passes, SA request messages will be accepted. All other such messages from the peer for other groups will be ignored.
To configure one of these options, use either of the following commands in global configuration mode:
QUESTION 177
You are about to migrate a customer network to use a VSS. Which of these statements is true
about a VSS?
A. The VSS switch must be the root bridge for all VLANs and is automatically designated.
B. The VSS switch is defined in RFC 4318 as a managed object.
C. The PAgP+ or LACP protocols are used to maintain the operational state of the VSS devices. D. A
VSS interoperates with a virtual port channel.
D. The 802.1Q or ISL protocols are used to maintain the operational state of the VSS devices.
E. A VSS increases the size of the spanning-tree domain.
Answer: C
QUESTION 178
You have done a partial migration from 802.1D STP to 802.1w STP. Which of the following is true?
A. 802.1D and 802.1w interoperate only when the 802.1D STP domain supports rapid convergence.
B. Ports leading to 802.1D devices will run in compatibility mode, while the rest of the ports will run in
802.1w mode.
C. This is an invalid configuration and a partial migration cannot be done.
D. The bridge timers will be set to match the 802.1D devices.
E. A secondary root bridge will always be populated within the 802.1D domain.
F. If the root bridge is selected within the 802.1D domain, the whole STP domain will run in 802.1D
compatibility mode.
G. In partially migrated 802.1w networks, it is recommended to keep the STP diameter below 4.
Answer: B
Explanation:
IEEE 802.1w RSTP is designed to be compatible with IEEE 802.1d STP. Even if all the other devices in your network are using STP, you can enable RSTP on your switch, and even using the default configuration values, your switch will interoperate effectively with the STP devices. If any of the switch ports are connected to switches or bridges on your network that do not support RSTP, RSTP can still be used on this switch. RSTP automatically detects when the switch ports are connected to non-RSTP devices in the spanning tree and communicates with those devices using 802.1d STP BPDU packets.
QUESTION 179
The network administrator is trying to add Switch1 to the network, but the 802.1 Q trunk is not coming up. Switch1 was previously tested in the laboratory and its trunk configuration worked fine. What are three possible causes of this problem? (Choose three.)
A. The trunking configuration mode on Switch1 is set to Off.
B. The trunking configuration mode on the other end is set to On.
C. The trunking configuration mode on the other end is set to Desirable.
D. Cisco Discovery Protocol is not running on the other end.
E. There is a VTP domain name mismatch.
F. Switch1 does not support 802.1Q.
Answer: AEF
Explanation:
There are 5 possible trunking modes for a switch port:
Auto: this is the default mode. In this mode, a port will become a trunk port if the device the port is connected to is set to the on or desirable mode.
Desirable: allows the port to become a trunk port if the device the port is connected to is set to the on, desirable, or auto mode
On: sets the port to permanent trunking mode.
Nonegotiate: sets the port to permanent trunking mode without sending Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP)
Frame Off: sets the port to permanent non-trunking mode In this case, we can guess the trunking mode of Switch 1 is auto (default mode). When in the laboratory, the trunking mode of the other end is set to On or Desirable so 2 switches can negotiate and the link becomes trunk with no problem. But when plugging to the network, other switches may have the trunking mode set to auto so the 802.1Q trunk is not coming up Of course these switches need to be in the same VTP domain so that they can talk with each other. When trying to configure a trunk negation with a mismatched VTP domain you will receive the following error %DTP-5-DOMAINMISMATCH: Unable to perform trunk negotiation on port Gig0/1 because of VTP domain mismatch.
Cisco General Networking Theory Quick Reference Sheets
QUESTION 180
The core of a network has four routers connected in a square design with Gigabit Ethernet links using /30 subnets. The network is used to carry voice traffic and other applications. Convergence time is taking more than expected. Which three actions would you take to improve OSPF convergence time? (Choose three.)
A. Increase MTU of the interfaces to accommodate larger OSPF packets
B. Change the network type to point-to-point on those links.
C. Reduce SPF initial timer.
D. Increase hello interval to avoid adjacency flapping.
E. Enable OSPF.
Answer: BCD
Explanation:
The OSPF SPF Throttling is configured using the command timers throttle spf OSPF router configuration command.
spf-start: Initial delay to schedule an SPF calculation after a topology change. Range is 1 to 600000 milliseconds.
spf-hold: Minimum hold-time between two SPF calculations. Range is 1 to 600000 milliseconds. spf-max-wait: Maximum wait between two SPF calculations. Range is 1 to 600000 milliseconds. This command is used to delay the SPF algorithm being executed during network instability. SPF Is very CPU intensive.
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